The meaning of power battery and energy storage system battery

The power battery is the power source that provides the power source for the tool, and mostly refers to the battery that provides power for electric vehicles, electric trains, electric bicycles, and golf carts. It is mainly different from the starter battery used to start the car engine. Valve-port sealed lead-acid batteries, open tubular lead-acid batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries are mostly used.

The usage scenarios of power batteries and energy storage batteries are classified according to the usage scenarios of batteries. ), energy storage system batteries (power stations, communication base stations, etc.). The power battery is actually a kind of energy storage system battery. However, due to the limitation of the volume and weight of the vehicle and the acceleration requirements when starting, the power battery has higher performance requirements than the ordinary energy storage system battery, such as the energy density should be as high as possible and the charging speed should be fast. The battery should be discharged quickly and the discharge current should be large. (For the explanation of energy density, please refer to the first lecture) For energy storage system (ESS) lithium-ion batteries, most energy storage devices do not need to be moved, so energy storage lithium batteries have no direct requirements for energy density. In general, different energy storage scenarios have different requirements for power. For scenarios such as user-side power peak shaving, off-grid photovoltaic energy storage, or peak-valley energy storage, the battery of the energy storage system generally needs to be continuously charged or discharged for more than 2 hours, and a capacity battery with a charge-discharge rate of ≤0.5C should be used. For power frequency regulation or energy storage scenarios that smooth fluctuations in renewable energy, the energy storage system battery needs to be quickly charged and discharged within seconds to minutes, which is suitable for ≥2C power batteries. However, in some application scenarios that need to take into account both frequency regulation and peak regulation, energy storage batteries are more suitable. Of course, power batteries and energy storage batteries can also be used together in this scenario.

Comparison between power battery and energy storage battery

Cycles
Compared with power batteries, energy storage batteries have higher requirements on service life. The lifespan of new energy vehicles is generally 5-8 years, while the lifespan of energy storage projects is generally expected to be more than 10 years. The cycle life of the power lithium battery is 1000-2000 times, while the cycle life of the energy storage lithium battery is generally required to be more than 3500 times.
Battery protection system BMS (Battery Management System)
There are some differences between power lithium batteries and energy storage lithium batteries, but they are the same from the perspective of batteries, both of which can use ternary lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries. The main difference lies in the BMS battery management system. The battery’s power response speed, power characteristics, SOC estimation accuracy, charge and discharge characteristics, etc. can all be realized on the BMS.

The above is a brief introduction to the difference between power battery and energy storage battery~

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